This evaluation assessed the performance, results and strategic positioning of UNDP's Regional Cooperation Framework for the Arab States, 2006-2009. The evaluation found that the programme has focused on critical and sensitive issues where the regional approach has been beneficial in advancing the achievement of MDGs in the region. The recommendations emanating from the evaluation highlight a need for a sharpened strategic thrust with clearly defined outcomes aligned with UNDP's strategic plan. South-South cooperation modalities for transferring knowledge and experiences from country to country should continue as a basis for the regional cooperation framework.