Based on project results, adoption at national level and scale is possible, however, caution should be taken not to try and achieve too much in a limited time and resources frame. Stakeholders and resources are pooled together to achieve a common goal.

There is need to ensure that the implementing institution (NAMBoard in this case) itself is up to the pace of project implementation to avoid slowing down the rate of implementation and deliverables.

NAMBoard as an implementer needs to set up a PMU for all their projects, and projects should work within their PMU to reduce friction of systems and knowledge gaps from both ends.

To avoid improper allocation of resources, all projects should involve the Ministry at planning level, including the relevant department, this will enable identification of efforts and resources that are duplicated to be deployed somewhere else

Address system failures associated with farmers’ cash-flow constraints that resulted from payment cycles by NAMBoard and the lack of clarity on how to sell to other markets and more importantly, how to recover the funds from sales made outside the NAMBoard route.

Collaboration with existing financial service providers (Eswatini Bank has indicated keenness) needs to be explored to ensure linkages of farmers who benefitted from the revolving loan fund to more structured and conventional funding.

Up-scaling of CSA in the country considers mechanization more than handheld operations.

Ensure that the whole extension system is able to drive their message to farmers to engage in CSA, and ensure that the machinery is kept in a useable and well serviced condition to enable farmers to take full advantage of its availability in the RDA and increase reliance on CSA for their livelihoods.

Synchronize value chain development process and critical infrastructure in implementation.

NAMBoard should consider completing the packhouse structures to fully fledged cold storage facilities, to ensure that they benefit from the work that has been started. NAMBoard revisits all these structures and ensure they are completed and utilized to the full before moving on to engage in any new infrastructure.